The adage “newer isn’t always better” holds particular relevance when comparing the quality of lumber used in home construction over the past century. Homes built in the early to mid-20th century often utilized old-growth timber, renowned for its superior durability and strength. In contrast, modern construction predominantly relies on fast-grown lumber, which exhibits notable differences in quality and longevity.
Decline in Lumber Quality Since the 1980s
The 1980s marked a significant shift in the lumber industry. The depletion of old-growth forests led to an increased reliance on plantation-grown trees, harvested at a much younger age. This transition resulted in lumber with less dense growth rings and a higher proportion of sapwood, both factors contributing to reduced durability.
Heartwood vs. Sapwood: Implications for Durability
Old-growth trees develop a substantial amount of heartwood—the dense, inner core of the tree—which is highly resistant to decay and pests. In contrast, younger, fast-grown trees contain a larger proportion of sapwood, the outer, living part of the tree, which is more susceptible to rot and insect damage. This difference means that modern lumber, with its higher sapwood content, is less durable and more prone to issues over time.
Increased Susceptibility to Termite Damage
The density and resin content of old-growth lumber provided a natural deterrent to termites and other wood-boring insects. Modern lumber, being softer and less resinous, offers less resistance, making it more vulnerable to termite infestations.
Investing in Mid-20th Century Homes
Given these factors, homes constructed with old-growth lumber in the mid-20th century often boast superior structural integrity compared to many newer builds. When such a home has updated plumbing and electrical systems, it can represent a sound investment, potentially outlasting modern constructions that utilize lower-quality materials.
Comparing Lumber Quality
The following image illustrates the difference between old-growth and modern lumber:
Left Side: Older / Right Side: Newer
Bottom Line
While advancements in construction technology have introduced innovative materials and methods, the unparalleled quality of old-growth lumber underscores that newer isn’t always better.